Publications

NSFSRG Impact

Led by Professor Andrew Spring, The Northern Sustainable Food Systems Research Group explores the intersections of food systems, sustainability, Indigenous knowledge, and community resilience in northern Canada and beyond. Their work is highly collaborative, partnering with northern communities, Indigenous governments, NGOs, and academic colleagues to co-produce knowledge that addresses urgent challenges such as climate change, food security, and ecological change.

Resources & Guides
Group Members
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Refereed Contributions

  1. Spring, C., Temmer, J., Skinner, K., Simba, M., Chicot, L., & Spring, A. (2025). Proposing Dimensions of an Agroecological Fishery: The Case of a Small-Scale Indigenous-Led Fishery Within Northwest Territories, Canada. Conservation, 5(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/conservation5010013
  2. Woodworth, S., Tanche, K., Nadli, B., Wesche, S. D., & Spring, A. (2025). “It’s not being ‘on-the-land,’ it’s like we are a part of the Land”: Indigenous youth share visual stories at “on-the-land” camps in the Dehcho. Canadian Geographies / Géographies canadiennes, 69(1), e12968. https://doi.org/10.1111/cag.12968
  3. Ward Jones, M., Habeck, J. O., Ulrich, M., Crate, S., Gannon, G., Schwoerer, T., Spring, A., … & Borchard, N. (2024). Socioecological dynamics of diverse global permafrost-agroecosystems under environmental change. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 56(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.2024.2356067
  4. Nimmo, E.R., Nelson, E., Gómez-Tovar, L., García, M. M., Spring, A., Lacerda, A.E.B., de Carvalho, A.I., & Blay-Palmer, A. (2023). Building an Agroecology Knowledge Network for Agrobiodiversity Conservation. Conservation, 3(4), 491-508. https://doi.org/10.3390/conservation3040032
  5. Spring, A., Bayha, W., Neyelle, M., Simmons, D., & Blay-Palmer, A. (2023). Learning from the Past to Deal with the Future: Using different knowledges to ensure food security in the Tsá Tué Biosphere Reserve (Northwest Territories, Canada). Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2022.984290
  6. Price, M., Latta, A., Spring, A., Temmer, J., Chicot, L., Jumbo, J., & Leishman, M. (2022). Agroecology in the North: Centering Indigenous food sovereignty and land stewardship in agriculture “frontiers”. Agriculture and Human Values. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-022-10312-7
  7. Ratelle, M., Spring, A., Laird, B., Andrew, L., Simmons, D., & Skinner, K. (2022). Water-based beverage perception and consumption in Canadian sub-arctic Indigenous communities and its importance for public health. FACETS, 7: 343-359. https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2021-0094
  8. Judge, C. M., Spring, A., & Skinner, K. (2022). A comparative policy analysis of wild food policies across Ontario, Northwest Territories, and Yukon Territory, Canada. Frontiers in Communication, 32. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2022.780391
  9. Lemay, M. A., Radcliffe, J. B., Bysouth, D., & Spring, A. (2021). Northern Food Systems in Transition: The role of the emerging agri-food industry in the Northwest Territories (Canada) Food System. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 372. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2021.661538
  10. Spring, A., Nelson, E., Knezevic, I., Ballamingie, P., & Blay-Palmer, A. (2021). Special Issue “Levering Sustainable Food Systems to Address Climate Change (Pandemics and Other Shocks and Hazards): Possible Transformations”. Sustainability, 13(15), 8206. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13158206
  11. Blay-Palmer, A., Spring, A., Nelson, E., & Valette, E. (2021). Food systems – beyond the buzz. International Journal of Rural Development, 55(3), 7-9.
  12. Johnston, C. & Spring, A. (2021). Grassroots and Global Governance: Can global-local linkages foster food system resilience for small northern Canadian communities? Sustainability, 13(4), 2415. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13042415
  13. Radcliffe, J., Skinner, K., Spring, A., Picard, L., Benoit, F., & Dodd, W. (2021). Virtual Barriers: Unpacking the Sustainability Implications of Online Food Spaces and the Yellowknife Farmers Market’s Response to COVID-19. Nutrition Journal, 20, 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-021-00664-x
  14. Bayha, M., & Spring, A. (2020). Response to COVID in Délįnę, NT: reconnecting with our community, our culture and our past after the pandemic. Agriculture and Human Values, 1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-020-10059-z
  15. Wilson, A., Levkoe, C. Z., Andrée, P., Skinner, K., Spring, A., Wesche, S. & Galloway, T. (2020). Strengthening Sustainable Northern Food Systems: Federal Policy Constraints and Potential Opportunities. Arctic, 73(3), 292-311. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26974907
  16. Lowitt, K., Levkoe, C. Z., Spring, A., Turlo, C., Williams, P. L., Bird, S., Sayers, D., & Simba, M. (2020). Empowering small-scale, community-based fisheries through a food systems framework. Marine Policy, 120, 104150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104150
  17. Reid, A., Lane, J.-F., Woodworth, S., Spring, A., Garner, R., & Tanche, K. (2020). Leading on-the-land science camps with Indigenous youth: towards reciprocity in research. The Solutions Journal, 11(1).
  18. Spring, A., Carter, B., & Blay-Palmer, A. (2018). Allocating community capitals to adapt to the impacts of climate change on a food system in a northern Canadian boreal community. Canadian Journal of Food Studies, 5(2), 111-141. https://doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v5i2.199
  19. Blay-Palmer, A., Knezevic, I., & Spring, A. (2014). Seeking common ground for food system transformation. Dialogues in Human Geography, 4(2), 185-189. https://doi.org/10.1177/2043820614537154
  20. Spring, A., Bagley, D.M., Andrews, R.C., Lemanik, S., & Yang, P. (2007). Removal of endocrine disrupting compounds using a membrane bioreactor and disinfection. Journal of Environmental Engineering & Science, 6, 131-137. https://doi.org/10.1139/s06-049

Book Chapters

  1. Blay-Palmer, A., Spring, A., Nimmo, E. and LaCerda, A. (2020). Alternative Food Networks: Traditional Food and the Right to Adequate Food. In J. Duncan, M. Carolan, and H. Wiskerke (eds). Routledge Handbook of Sustainable and Regenerative Food Systems. London: Routledge Press.
  2. Spring, A., Skinner, K., Simba, M., Nelson, E., Baltzer, J., Swanson, H., and Turetsky, M. (2019). Taking care of the land: an interdisciplinary approach to community-based food systems assessment in Kakisa, Northwest Territories, Canada. In Sustainable Food System Assessment: Lessons from Global Practice. Blay-Palmer, A., Conaré, D., Meter, K. and Di Battista, A. (eds). Routledge, New York, NY.

Forthcoming

  1. Bysouth, D., Spring, A., Dieleman, C.M. & Turetsky, M.R. (In Review). Agriculture in the Boreal Forest: Understanding the Impact of Land Use Change on Soil Organic Carbon. Global Change Biology.
  2. Spring, A., Johnston, C., Jorgensen, A. & Baltzer, J. (In Review). Wildfire Impacts on Food Systems in the Northern Boreal Forest. Ecology and Society.
  3. Judge, C., Spring, A., & Skinner, K. (In prep). Understanding the potential for a food processing trailer facility to increase food access in Deline, NWT. (Target journal: Canadian Food Studies).
  4. Spring C., Skinner, K. & Spring A. (In prep). Right to food, right to fish: exploring multi-scalar mobilizations to protect fish livelihoods in Canada’s Northwest Territories. (Target journal: Special Collection in Maritime Studies).
  5. Spring, A., Snider, A., Malandra, M. & Scott, C. (In prep). Towards the goal of a zero-waste community in the North: Experiences in building a waste management initiative in Kakisa, Northwest Territories. (Target Journal: Journal of Waste Management).
  6. Woodworth, S., Gyapay, J., MacLeod Farley, N., Ramirez, M., Hudson, B., Spring, A., Skinner, K. & Wesche, S. (In prep). Friendships, mentorships, and research relationships: Youth engagement in Indigenous communities in the Northwest Territories. (Target Journal: Journal of Community Practice).

Guest Editor

  1. Sustainability (2021), Special Issue: Levering Sustainable Food Systems to Address Climate Change—Possible Transformations. Co-editor with Blay-Palmer, A., Knezevic, I., Ballamingie, P. & Nelson, E. 13(15).
  2. Northern Public Affairs (2017), Food (In)Security Special Edition. 5(1).

Non-Refereed and Community Relevant Contributions

  1. Spring, A., Di Battista, A. & Young, L. (Co-Producers). (2021, October 12). “We walk in the footsteps of our ancestors”: Traditional knowledge, youth engagement, and resilience in Délįnę [Audio podcast episode]. In Handpicked: Stories from the Field. Podcast Link
  2. Temmer, J., Spring, A., Butler, E., & Gennings, V. (2021). Yellowknife Food Infrastructure Report. Wilfrid Laurier University and City of Yellowknife. Yellowknife, NT.
  3. Judge, C., Skinner, K. & Spring, A. (2021). Evaluation of a Meat Processing Trailer and a Country Food Training Course in Deline, NT. Prepared for the Deline Gotine Government, NT.
  4. Spring, A., Skinner, K., Wesche, S., Fresque-Baxter, J., Brockington, M., Bayha, G., Dodd, W., Dutton, J., Fillion, M., Kenny, T. A., Laird, B., Latta, A., MacLean, J., Menard, K., Ostertag, S., Ratelle, M., Simba, M. & Zoe, J. B. (2020). Building Community-University Research Partnerships to Enhance Capacity for Climate Change and Food Security Action in the NWT. Northern Public Affairs, 6(3), 63-67.
  5. Spring, A., Di Battista, A. & Young, L. (Co-Producers). (2020, February 24). “We Know How To Survive On The Land”: Climate Change Adaptation, Food Systems and Life in Kakisa, Northwest Territories [Audio podcast episode]. In Handpicked: Stories from the Field. Podcast Link
  6. Spring, A., Di Battista, A. & Young, L. (Co-Producers.) (2020, January 13). “Take Care of the Land and the Land Will Take Care of You”: Discussing Climate Change with Members of the Ka’a’gee Tu First Nation in Kakisa, Northwest Territories [Audio Podcast Episode]. In Handpicked: Stories from the Field. Podcast Link
  7. Sahtú Renewable Resources Board (Authors: Dimock, C., Skinner, K., Ratelle, M., Andrew, L., Baltzer, J., Spring, A., Simmons, D. & Scully, L.). (2020). Report for the Water Knowledge Camp held at Sahtú Dǝ́ (Great Bear River) at Tek’áı́cho Dǝ́ (Marten River) Tulı́t’a, NT. *Water Knowledge Camps: Building Capacity for Cross-Cultural Water Knowledge, Research, and Environmental Monitoring*. Tulı́t’a, Northwest Territories, Canada. 53 pages.
  8. Wilson, A., Levkoe, C.Z., Andree, P., Blay-Palmer, A., Boulet. A., Brockington, M., Ferguson, R., Galloway, T., Martin, D., Martorell, H., Robidoux, M., Skinner, K., Spring, A. & Wesche, S. (2019). Harvesting Resilience and Cultivating Sustainability: A Study of Northern Food Systems (Summary). Montreal, Quebec: Food Secure Canada. pp. 15.
  9. Food Secure Canada (Authors: Wilson, A., Levkoe, C.Z., Andree, P., Blay-Palmer. A., Boulet. A., Brockington, M., Ferguson, R., Galloway, T., Martin, D., Martorell, H., Robidoux, M., Skinner, K., Spring, A. & Wesche, S.). (July 9, 2018). Harvesting Resilience and Cultivating Sustainability: A Study of Northern Food Systems, prepared for Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.
  10. Simba, M. & Spring, A. (2017). Gardening in Kakisa. Northern Public Affairs, 5(1).
  11. Spring, A. & Simmons D. (2016). Dene Nę́nę́ Gúlú gha Darade – Our Land is Changing: Climate Change, Food Security and Health in Délı̨nę. Climate Change and Health Adaptation Program for Northern First Nations and Inuit Communities Report. Délı̨nę, NT.
  12. Spring, A., Carter, B. & Simba, M. (2015). Ka’a’gee Tu First Nation Exploration of Climate Change, Food Security and Health. Climate Change and Health Adaptation Program for Northern First Nations and Inuit Communities Report. Kakisa, NT.
  13. Harnum, B., Hanlon, J., Lim, T., Modeste, J., Simmons, D. & Spring, A. (2014). Best of Both Worlds: Depending on the Land in the Sahtu Region. Sahtu Renewable Resources Board, Tulita, NT.

Invited Talks

  1. Gibson, C., Merritt R Turetsky, M., Brinkman, T., Spring, A., & Baltzer, J. Causes of lowland thermokarst formation and its impacts on carbon cycling and provisioning of ecosystem services. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting. Moscone Center, San Francisco, CA. December 9–13, 2019.
  2. Spring, A. Engaging Northern Communities in Climate Chance Science through On-the-Land Camps. 5th Biennial CABIN Forum. Chateau Nova, Yellowknife, NT. Oct 23–24, 2019.
  3. Spring, A. & Simba, M. Climate change adaptation work in Kakisa, NT. NWT Association of Communities Climate Change Conference and Charrette. Explorer Hotel, Yellowknife, NT, Oct 29–31, 2018.
  4. Spring, A. Community-Based Health Research. Invited panelist. Hotıì ts’eeda Ełèts’ehdèe, Aurora Village, Yellowknife, NT. May 22–24, 2018.
  5. Spring, A. Subversions from the Informal and Social Economy: Relocating social and ecological values in food systems roundtable. Invited panelist. Canadian Association of Food Studies. Ryerson University, Toronto, ON. May 27–30, 2017.
  6. Spring, A. Social Justice Approaches to Research Methods. Canadian Association of Food Studies. Ryerson University, Toronto, ON. May 27–30, 2017.
  7. Spring, A. Climate Commons Roundtable: Food Politics. Carleton University, March 17, 2016.
  8. Spring, A. Community Empowerment: Community Advantage Panel Discussion. Engineers Without Borders xChange 2016 Conference. Hamilton Place, Hamilton, ON. January 15–16, 2016.

Presentations

  1. Wheatley, D., Spring, A., Johnston, C., & Gillespie, D. Community-led solutions to improving food security in Sambaa K’e. ArcticNet Annual Scientific Meeting, Beanfield Centre, Toronto, ON. Dec 4–8, 2022.
  2. Johnston, C., Price, M., Latta, A., Spring, A., Temmer, J., Chicol, L., Jumbo, J., & Leishman, M. (2022). Agroecology in the North: Reframing the conversation around local food production in Indigenous communities. ArcticNet Annual Scientific Meeting, Beanfield Centre, Toronto, ON. Dec 4–8, 2022.
  3. Latta, A., Spring, A., Jayaratne, N., & Hotaji, M. Promoting harvester safety for traditional food system resilience. ArcticNet Annual Scientific Meeting, Beanfield Centre, Toronto, ON. Dec 4–8, 2022.
  4. Bysouth, D., Turetsky, M., & Spring, A. (2021). Agriculture in the Boreal Forest: Understanding the Impact of Land Use Change on Soil Carbon for Developing Sustainable Community Food Systems. In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (pp. EGU21-6071).
  5. Bysouth, D., Turetsky, M. & Spring, A. Agriculture in the Boreal Forest: Understanding the Impact of Land Use Change on Soil Carbon for Developing Sustainable Community Food Systems. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting. Online. December 1–17, 2020.
  6. Snider, E., Spring, A., Lemay, M., Bysouth, D., Judge, C., Skinner, K. & Turetsky, M. Cultivation and Contemplation: Opportunities and Challenges to Growing Food in the NWT. ArcticChange 2020 Virtual Conference. December 7–10, 2020.
  7. Spring, A., Turetsky, M., Nelson, E., Bysouth, D., Snider, E., Lemay, M., & Simba, M. Northern Agriculture Futures: Community-led Initiatives for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Through Agriculture in Canada’s North. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting. Moscone Center, San Francisco, CA. December 9–13, 2019.
  8. Spring, A., Turetsky, M., Nelson, E., Bysouth, D., Snider, E., Malandra, M., & Simba, M. What is the future of agriculture in the North? ArcticNet Annual Science Meeting. Halifax Convention Centre, Halifax, NS. Dec 2–5, 2019.
  9. Judge, C., Reniker, L., Skinner, K. & Spring, A. Country Food Processing Training: An on-site initiative in two regions in the Northwest Territories. ArcticNet Annual Science Meeting. Halifax Convention Centre, Halifax, NS. Dec 2–5, 2019.
  10. Woodworth, S., Gibson, C., Wallace, C., Brockington, M., Jasiak, I., Tanche, K., Spring, A. & Baltzer, J. On-the-Land with Communities in the Northwest Territories: Engaging, Educating, and Empowering Indigenous Youth. Global Water Futures 2nd Annual Open Science Meeting, TCU Place, Saskatoon, SK. May 14–17, 2019.
  11. Livingstone, D., Bayha, G. & Spring, A. Implementation of an environmental monitoring program in the UNESCO Tsá Tué Biosphere Reserve. Global Water Futures 2nd Annual Open Science Meeting, TCU Place, Saskatoon, SK. May 14–17, 2019.
  12. Spring, A. & Scott, C. Human Impacts of Forest Fire Forest. Fire Research Workshop, Explorer Hotel, Yellowknife, NT. March 5–7, 2019.
  13. Gibson, C., Wallace, C., Brockington, M., Jasiak, I., Woodworth, S., Tanche, K., Spring, A. & Baltzer, J. (December 2018). Science Outreach and Youth Engagement in an innovative On-the-Land Camp in the NWT. ArcticNet. Shaw Centre, Ottawa, ON. Dec 10–14, 2018.
  14. Wesche, S., Skinner, K., Spring, A. & Fillion, M. Northern Food Systems: Confronting Challenges and Building Solutions through Research and Practice. Food Secure Canada Assembly. Concordia University, Montreal, QC. November 1–4, 2018.
  15. Lowitt, K., Levkoe, C., Pictou, S., Spring, A., Turlo, C., Williams, P. & Sayers, D. “Fish as food”: Food systems as an organizing concept for local community sustainability and fisheries policy. Communities, Conservation & Livelihoods Conference, St. Mary’s University, Halifax, NS. May 28–30, 2018.
  16. Merrill, S. & Spring, A. Knowledge Mobilization. Global Water Futures Annual Open Science Meeting. McMaster University, Hamilton, ON. June 5, 2018.
  17. Spring, A., Johnston, C., & Scott, C. Yellowknife as a gateway to food security in the Northwest Territories. Workshop on Regional Centres and the Sustainability of Canada’s Rural and Northern Landscapes. Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON. May 8–9, 2018.
  18. Spring, A., Simmons, D., Neyelle, M., Bayha, W. & Blay-Palmer, A. Learning from the past to deal with the future: Building community capitals through knowledge to ensure food security in the Tsá Tué Biosphere Reserve. Arctic Change 2017 Conference. Quebec City Convention Centre, Quebec, QC. December 11–15, 2017.
  19. Simba, M. & Spring, A. Kakisa Food Growing Projects. FLEdGE: Food, Locally Embedded, Globally Engaged Research Meeting. Wilfrid Laurier University. Waterloo, ON. Sept 7–9, 2017.
  20. Spring, A. & Blay-Palmer, A. (2016). Food Security, Climate Change and Community Capitals: A Case Study from a Northern Canadian Aboriginal Community. Advancing Food Insecurity Research in Canada. Hart House, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON. November 17–18, 2016.
  21. Spring, A., Flora, C. B. & Blay-Palmer, A. (2016). Building resilient food systems in northern Aboriginal communities using the Community Capitals Framework. XIV World Congress of Rural Sociology. Ryerson University, Toronto, ON. August 11–12, 2016.
  22. Baltzer, J., Cumming, S., Johnstone, J., McIntire, E., Schmiegelow, F., & Spring, A. (2016). Impacts of wildfire extent and severity on caribou habitat: from woodland to barren ground. Invited presentation, Cumulative Impacts Monitoring Program Dehcho Regional Results Workshop. Fort Simpson, NT.
  23. Spring, A. & Cave, K. (2016). Addressing Barriers to Sustainability and Well-Being in Aboriginal Communities. Engineers Without Borders xChange 2016 Conference. Hamilton Place, Hamilton, ON. January 15–16, 2016.
  24. Spring, A., Fresque-Baxter, J. & Blay-Palmer, A. (2015). Together we can harvest all we need to feed ourselves – Updates from the Northern Canada Node. Food: Locally Embedded, Globally Engaged (FLEdGE) Partnership Workshop. Balsillie School for International Affairs, Waterloo, ON. September 8–11, 2015.
  25. Spring, A., Simba, M. & Blay-Palmer, A. (2015). Food Security and Climate change in Kakisa, NT. FEAST (Food: Engaging in Action for Sustainable Transformation) Workshop. Delta Waterloo, Waterloo, ON. January 20–22, 2015.
  26. Spring, A., Hanlon, J., Simmons, D. & Blay-Palmer, A. (2014). Addressing food security though knowledge sharing in the Northwest Territories. Sustainable Regional Food Systems Workshop: Theory, Practice and Policy. Balsillie School for International Affairs, Waterloo, ON. June 25–27, 2014.
  27. Spring, A. (2014). Food Security in the NWT. Best of Both Worlds Community Workshop. Deline, NWT. February 11–13, 2014.
  28. Spring, A. (2011). Fundy Biosphere Charter Certification Program. The Biosphere Reserve Designation: Creating and Promoting Sustainable Tourism Experiences. Vittoria Community Centre, Vittoria, ON. April 29, 2011.
  29. Spring, A. (2011). Trail Amazing Places. Trailhead Ontario. Crowne Plaza Fallsview Hotel, Niagara Falls, ON. April 18–19, 2011.
  30. Spring, A. (2010). NB Local Food Atlas. NB Provincial Food Security Conference. Delta Beausejour, Moncton, NB. Nov 19–20, 2010.
  31. Kent, F., Alam, Z., Mosqueda, D., & Spring, A. (2007). Seasonal Temperature Variation in Coagulation and Flocculation and its Impact on Downstream Membrane Performance. American Water Works Association Annual Conference and Exposition. Metro Toronto Convention Centre, Toronto, ON. June 24–28, 2007.
  32. Spring, A., Mosqueda, D., Alam, Z., & Kent, F. (2007). Innovative Pretreatment Strategies to Optimize TOC Removals and Membrane Fouling. American Water Works Association Annual Conference and Exposition. Metro Toronto Convention Centre, Toronto, ON. June 24–28, 2007.
  33. Kent, F., Mosqueda, D., Alam, Z. & Spring, A. (2006). Impact of flocculation hydraulic retention time on performance of membrane filtration. American Water Works Association Annual Conference and Exposition. Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center, San Antonio, Texas. June 11–15, 2006.
  34. Spring, A. J., Andrews, R. C., & Bagley, D. M. (2004). Development of an integrated membrane process for water reclamation and endocrine disrupting compounds control. Water Environment Association of Ontario Technical Symposium, London Convention Centre, London, ON. April 18–20, 2004.
  35. Spring, A. J. (2000). Waste-resource management at Acadia University. The Atlantic Canada Environmental Business & Municipal Expo 2000. World Trade & Convention Centre, Halifax, NS. April 25–27, 2000.

Conference Posters

  1. Ratelle, M., Spring, A., Laird, B., Scully, A., Simmons, D., Andrew, L., & Skinner, K. (2021). Water and water-based beverage perception and consumption in Canadian sub-arctic Indigenous communities and the importance for public health. GWF 2021: Global Water Futures Annual Open Science Meeting, Virtual Conference, May 17–19, 2021.
  2. Merrill, S., Goucher, N., Martz, L., Morningstar, S., Munkittrick, K., & Spring, A. Transdisciplinary Knowledge Mobilization for Effective Solutions to Changing Water Futures in Canada and other Cold Regions of the World. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting. Moscone Center, San Francisco, CA. December 9–13, 2019.
  3. Skinner, K., Spring, A., Wesche, S., and others. Learning From and Enhancing Community Capacity for Climate Change and Food Security (C4FS) Action in the NWT. ArcticNet Annual Science Meeting. Halifax Convention Centre, Halifax, NS. Dec 2–5, 2019.

Patents Held

  1. Coagulant dosing process for membrane filtration. Mosqueda, D., Kent, F., Alam, Z., & Spring, A. US Patent US 2008/0314833 A1.